![]() ![]() Common name of paintbrush refers to the supposed resemblance of the flowering plant to a brush dipped in paint. Genus name comes from an 18th century botanist, Domingo Castillejo, of Cadiz, Spain. Usually just called Indian Paintbrush, Im using the name that Stephen Botti uses and far be it from me to argue with him. DESCRIPTION: NAME: Indian Paintbrush SCIENTIFIC NAME: Castilleja Indivisa COLOR: Crimson red PLANT SEEDS: Outdoors after frost / Indoors weeks before last. Two types of medium green leaves: entire, lance-shaped leaves in a basal rosette and stem leaves divided into 3-5 deep, narrow lobes. The large, fan-shaped, orange-red "flowers" are actually brightly-colored, three-lobed, leafy bracts which appear at the stem tops in dense spikes and which surround and hide the tiny greenish-yellow true flowers. It is a Missouri native which occurs in prairies, rocky glades, moist and open woodlands, thickets and streambanks in the eastern, central and southern parts of the State (Steyermark). Available on the web at ( ).Castilleja coccinea, commonly called Indian paintbrush or painted cup, is a biennial member of the broomrape family (Orobanchaceae) that typically grows on unbranched stems to 1-1.5' tall (less frequently to 2'). New York Flora Association, Albany, New York Cranbrook Institute of Science Bulletin 61 and University of Michigan Herbarium. Dicots Concluded (Pyrolaceae - Compositae). University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, PA. The Plants of Pennsylvania, an Illustrated Manual. New York Natural Heritage Program, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Ecological communities of New York State. Newcomb's Wildflower Guide: An Ingenious New Key System for Quick, Positive Field Identification of the Wildflowers, Flowering Shrubs, and Vines of Northeastern and North-Central North America. New York Natural Heritage Program Databases. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. Inflorescence villous, glandular-puberulent bracts orange to red, ovate, entire or with a pair of small lateral lobes. Leaves linear to lanceolate, 37 cm long, entire. The Castilleja grows in moist areas, dry areas, and sandy prairies. Stems erect, simple or branched, 1580 cm. This flower displays various shades of orange, red and sometimes yellow. ![]() ![]() It was adopted as Wyomings State Flower on January 31, 1917. Illustrations of the Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. The Indian paintbrush (Castilleja) is a native wildflower in the family Scrophulariaceae (Figwort Family). The Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist's Manual. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. A Field Guide to the Northeastern United States. The populations have declined substantially since then and will likely remain in low numbers.Ĭlemants, Steven and Carol Gracie. This species was most common in New York from the 1880s through the 1920s when there was much more open prairie-like habitat that has since regrown to forest or has been developed and farmed. The three smaller sites have not been resurveyed and their status is unknown. Short-term TrendsĪt the two large sites in the state the plants are remaining stable. There are 20-30 historical occurrences mostly from the 1880s through the 1920s. There are two large and three small populations and all of them are threatened in the long term by invasive species and habitat succession. Even though it may be difficult to grow because of its need for certain host plants the seeds are available through various wildflower nurseries. The moving around does not stop there as the genus Castilleja has recently been transferred with other hemiparasitic members of the family Scrophulariaceae into the family Orobanchaceae. The genus Castilleja was named for Domingo Castillejo, Spanish botanist and Professor of Botany in Cadiz, Spain, in 1782 by Jose Celestino Mutis in Linnaeus' son's book Supplementum Plantarum. It was later transferred to the genus Euchroma in 1818 and finally to the genus Castilleja in 1825. Castilleja coccinea was first described as a new species in 1737 by Linnaeus who placed it in the genus Bartsia. ![]()
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